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5．　 在有些動(dòng)詞如：suggest、insist、order等動(dòng)詞后，從句謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用“should + 動(dòng)詞原形”，should可以省略。例如：

He suggested that we (should) discuss the problem right now.

4．　 動(dòng)詞wish后的賓語(yǔ)從句中，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞可用過(guò)去式、過(guò)去完成式或would、might加原形。

例如：I wish I were as strong as you.

He wished I would stay with us.

She wished I had attended the meeting yesterday.

3．　 表示與將來(lái)事實(shí)相反的謂語(yǔ)形式。

例如：If they came tomorrow, we would told them about it. (In fact, they won’t come tomorrow。)

2．　 表示與過(guò)去事實(shí)相反的謂語(yǔ)形式。

例如：If I had left a little earlier, I would have caught the early bus. (In fact, I didn’t catch the bus.)

虛擬語(yǔ)氣表示說(shuō)話人的意愿、假設(shè)、猜測(cè)或建議。虛擬語(yǔ)氣不表示客觀存在的事實(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用特殊的形式表示虛擬語(yǔ)氣。

1．　 表示與現(xiàn)在事實(shí)相反時(shí)的謂語(yǔ)形式。

例如：If Tom were hungry, he would eat the bread. (In fact, Tom isn’t hungry.)

4. must與have to比較

must側(cè)重于個(gè)人意志和主觀上的必要，have to側(cè)重于客觀上的必要。如果用于過(guò)去時(shí)態(tài)或?qū)��?lái)時(shí)態(tài)時(shí)，則要用have to的相應(yīng)時(shí)態(tài)來(lái)代替must。但must可用于間接引語(yǔ)中表示過(guò)去的必要或義務(wù)。

My brother was very ill，so I had to call for the doctor in the middle of the night.

我弟弟病得很厲害，我只得半夜里把醫(yī)生請(qǐng)來(lái)。(一般過(guò)去時(shí))

I haven't got any money with me，so I'll have to borrow some from my friend.

我身上沒(méi)有錢(qián)，只好向朋友借點(diǎn)了。(一般將來(lái)時(shí))

He said that they must work hard.他說(shuō)他們必須努力工作。

3. have to的疑問(wèn)句

句型：Do(Does, Did, Will)+主語(yǔ)+have to +動(dòng)詞原形？

Do you have to study maths now？

你現(xiàn)在必須學(xué)數(shù)字嗎？

Yes，I do.是的，必須學(xué)。

No，I don't(have to)。不，不必學(xué)。

Did he have to ask the question？

他非要問(wèn)那個(gè)問(wèn)題嗎？

Yes，he did.是的。

No，he didn't(have to).不。

2. have to的否定句

句型：主語(yǔ)+don't(doesn't, didn’t, will not)have to+動(dòng)詞原形

You don't have to walk so fast.

你不必走那么快。

He will not have to buy a new coat next year.

明年，他沒(méi)必要買(mǎi)新外衣了。

1. have(has)to +動(dòng)詞原形

have(has)to后面要用動(dòng)詞原形。當(dāng)主語(yǔ)為第三人稱單數(shù)時(shí)用has to，當(dāng)句子是過(guò)去時(shí)用had to。

We have to leave now.

我們不得不現(xiàn)在就離開(kāi)。

He has to work on Sunday.

他不得不在周日工作。

I had to do my homework last Sunday.

上周日，我不得不做作業(yè)。

2.表示推測(cè)的用法

can , could ,may ,might ,must 皆可用來(lái)表示推測(cè)，其用法如下：

a．could ,might 表示推測(cè)時(shí)不表示時(shí)態(tài)，其推測(cè)的程度不如can ,may。

b．can ,could 用于否定句和疑問(wèn)句中。

句型：主語(yǔ)+ can't , couldn't +be +動(dòng)詞ing．(否定句)

Can ,Could +主語(yǔ) +be +動(dòng)詞 ing．(疑問(wèn)句)

They can't be cleaning the room now．他們現(xiàn)在不可能在打掃房間。

c．may ,might , must 用在肯定句中。

句型：主語(yǔ)+ may ,might ,must +be +動(dòng)詞 -ing

(表示對(duì)現(xiàn)在發(fā)生動(dòng)作的推測(cè))

He must be sleeping . 他現(xiàn)在肯定在睡覺(jué)。

d．但如果上述這些詞 (must ,can't… ) + have +過(guò)去分詞則指對(duì)過(guò)去已發(fā)生的事進(jìn)行推測(cè)。

The road is wet. It must have rained last night .

地是濕的；昨天晚上肯定下雨了。

There isn't any water on the road . It (can't ) couldn't have rained last night .

地面上一個(gè)水滴都沒(méi)有，昨天不可能下雨了。

(四) have to的用法