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        1. Don't Take the Fun Out of Youth Sports

          When I joined a private football league a few years ago, the sport meant everything to me. My coach (教練) said that I had lots of potential (潛力), and I became captain of my ___1___. That was before all the fun was taken out of___2___

          At first, everyone on the team got ___3___ playing time. Then the team moved up to the top division after winning all its games, and the ___4___ started. Some parents, who had paid the coach extra so their daughters could have ___5___ one-on-one training, got angry when she didn't give them more playing time in our ___6___. The coach was replaced.

          The new coach, however, took all the fun out of the game: All we did during practice was ___7___ I always wished to God that it would rain so we would not have the___8___. Of course, all teams run drills; they are ___9___ But we ran so much that, afterwards, we had trouble___10___. Younger people shouldn't be doing exercises ___11___ for 18-year-old.

          I was very thin ___12___ I started football, but as a member of this team I wouldn't eat much, because I was afraid of being too ___13___ to run. I feared making mistakes, and the added pressure caused me to make more than my usual___14___

          Is all this pressure necessary? I ___15___ up leaving the football team. Four other girls did the same, and two of them stopped playing football completely. That's ___16___, because they had so much potential. They were just burned- out with all the pressure they ___17___ from the coach or their parents.

          I continued playing football at school and ___18___ my love for it. I joined a private team coached by my school coach. When I started playing ___19___ him, he told me I needed to relax because I looked nervous. After I ___20___ down, I played better. When you enjoy something, it's a lot easier to do it well.

          1. A. class            B. club          C. team         D. board

          2. A. playing         B. living         C. learning       D. working

          3. A. great            B. equal         C. right         D. extra

          4. A. business         B. struggle       C. attempt       D. pressure

          5. A. free            B. private        C. good         D. basic

          6. A. matches          B. courses       C. lessons        D. programs

          7. A. jump            B. play          C. run           D. shoot

          8. A. duty                B. meeting       C. operation       D. training

          9. A. necessary       B. boring         C. scientific       D. practical

          10. A. speaking       B. moving        C. sleeping       D. breathing

          11. A. used           B. intended        C. made          D. described

          12. A. till            B. since         C. before         D. because

          13. A. full           B. tired          C. lazy          D. big

          14. A. size            B. share         C. space          D. state

          15. A. gave           B. kept          C. ended          D. picked

          16. A. sad           B. shameful       C. silly          D. serious

          17. A. received        B. suffered        C. brought       D. felt

          18. A. reconsidered        B. rediscovered    C. reformed       D. replaced

          19. A. at             B. by           C. for            D. around

          20. A. fell                B. stepped       C. slowed        D. calmed

           

          答案:C;A;B;D;B;A;C;D;A;D;B;C;A;B;C;A;D;B;C;D
          解析:

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          Have you thanked your grandma today? You might want to consider it. A recent study found that kids live longer when a grandmother takes part in their daily lives.
          Most animals die soon after their childbearing years are over. Women, however, often live for many years after they stop having kids.
           To try to understand why, researchers from Finland looked at birth and death records of two communities from the 18th and 19th centuries, one in Finland and one in Canada. In these communities, 537 Finnish women and 3,290 Canadian women were grandmothers who had lived past the age of 50.
          For every decade they lived beyond 50, the researchers found that the women ended up with an average of two extra grandkids. It didn’t matter what the differences in health or living conditions were between the two communities or from family to family.
          Grandchildren were also more likely to live into adulthood if their grandmothers were alive when they were born. If their grandmothers were younger than 60 at the time, that was even better. The study also found that women had children 2 to 3 years earlier if their own mothers were still alive at that time than those whose mothers had died.
          The researchers suggested that grandmothers have provided important assistance in raising their grandchildren for at least the past 200,000 years. As a result, they helped extend everyone’s lifespan.
          So, don’t take your grandma for granted!
          【小題1】How many women in the survey in the two communities were grandmothers who had lived past the age of 50?

          A.537.B.3,290.C.3,827.D.2,753.
          【小題2】According to the passage, what influence did it have on a woman if her mother was still alive?
          A.She was also more likely to live into adulthood.
          B.She had children 2 to 3 years earlier.
          C.She ended up with an average of two extra grandkids.
          D.It had no influence on her.
          【小題3】How did grandmothers help extend everyone’s lifespan?
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          B.They provided assistance in raising their grandchildren.
          C.They helped with housework.
          D.They made everyone happy.
          【小題4】According to the passage, we don’t know that _______.
          A.kids live longer when grandmothers take part in their daily lives
          B.most animals die soon after their childbearing years are over
          C.women often live for many years after they stop having kids
          D.grandchildren are less likely to live into adulthood if their grandmothers are alive

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          We’ve considered several ways of paying to cut in linehiring line standers,buying tickets from scalpers (票販子),or purchasing line?cutting privileges directly from,say,an airline or an amusement park.Each of these deals replaces the morals of the queue (waiting your turn) with the morals of the market (paying a price for faster service)

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          Of course,markets and queues are not the only ways of allocating things.Some goods we distribute by meritothers by need,still others by chance.However,the tendency of markets to replace queues,and other non?market ways of allocating goods is so common in modern life that we scarcely notice it anymore.It is striking that most of the paid queue?jumping schemes we’ve considered—at airports and amusement parks,in call centersdoctors’offices,and national parks—are recent developmentsscarcely imaginable three decades ago.The disappearance of the queues in these places may seem an unusual concern,but these are not the only places that markets have entered.

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          ATaking buses.

          BBuying houses.

          CFlying with an airline.

          DVisiting amusement parks.

          2.The example of the recorded message in Paragraphs 4 and 5 illustrates________.

          Athe necessity of patience in queuing

          Bthe advantage of modern technology

          Cthe uncertainty of allocation principle

          Dthe fairness of telephonic services

          3.The passage is meant to________.

          Ajustify paying for faster services

          Bdiscuss the morals of allocating things

          Canalyze the reason for standing in line

          Dcriticize the behavior of queue jumping

           

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          American is a mobile society. Friendships between Americans can be close and real, yet disappear soon if situations change. Neither side feels hurt by this. Both may exchange Christmas greetings for a year or two, perhaps a few letters for a while—then no more. If the same two people meet again by chance, even years later, they pick up the friendship. This can be quite difficult for us Chinese to understand, because friendships between us flower more slowly but then may become lifelong feelings, extending (延伸) sometimes deeply into both families.

             Americans are ready to receive us foreigners at their homes, share their holidays, and their home life. They will enjoy welcoming us and be pleased if we accept their hospitality (好客) easily.

             Another difficult point for us Chinese to understand Americans is that although they include us warmly in their personal everyday lives, they don’t show their politeness to us if it requires a great deal of time. This is usually the opposite of the practice in our country where we may be generous with our time. Sometimes, we, as hosts, will appear at airports even in the middle of the night to meet a friend. We may take days off to act as guides to our foreign friends. The Americans, however, express their welcome usually at homes, but truly can not manage the time to do a great deal with a visitor outside their daily routine (常規(guī)). They will probably expect us to get ourselves from the airport to our own hotel by bus. And they expect that we will phone them from there. Once we arrive at their homes, the welcome will be full, warm and real. We will find ourselves treated hospitably.

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