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          You can’t always predict a heavy rain or remember your umbrella. But designer Mikhail Belvacv doesn’t think that forgetting to check the weather forecast before heading out should result in you getting wet. That’s why he created lampbrella, a lamp post with its own rain sensing umbrella. 
          The designer says he come up with the idea after watching people get wet on streets in Russia. “once, I was driving on a central Saint Petersburg street and saw the street lamps lighting up people trying to hide from the rain. I thought it would be appropriate to have a canopy(傘蓬)built into a street lamp.” he said. 
          The lampbrella is a standard-looking street lamp fitted with an umbrella canopy. It has a built-in electric motor which can open or close the umbrella on demand. Sensors(傳感器)then ensure that the umbrella offers pedestrians shelter whenever it starts raining. 
          In addition to the rain sensor, there’s also a 360°motion sensor on the biberglass street lamp which detects whether anyone’s using the lampbrella. After three minutes of not being used the canopy is closed. 
          According to the designer, the lampbrella would move at a relatively low speed, so as not to cause harm to the pedestrians. Besides, it would be grounded to protect from possible lighting strike. Each lampbrella would offer enough shelter for several people. Being installed at 2 meters off the ground, it would only be a danger for the tallest of pedestrians. 
          While there are no plans to take lampbrella into production, Belyacv says he recently introduced his creation one Moscow Department, and insists this creation could be installed on any street where a lot of people walk but there are no canopies to provide shelter. 
          小題1:For what purpose did Belyacv create the lampbrella?
          A．To predict a heavy rain B．To check the weather forecast
          C．To protect people from the rain D．To remind people to take an umbrella
          小題2:What do we know from Belyacv’s words in Paragraph2?
          A．His creation was inspired by an experience 
          B．it rains a lot in the city of Saint Petersburg
          C．Street lamps are protected by canopies
          D．He enjoyed taking walks in the rain
          小題3:Which of the following show how the lampbrella works?
          A．motor→canopy→sensors B．Sensors→motor→canopy 
          C．motor→sensors→canopyD．canopy→motor→sensors
          小題4:What does paragraph 5 mainly tell us about the lampbrella?
          A．Its moving speed B．Its appearance 
          C．Its installation D．Its safety
          小題5:What can be inferred from the last paragraph?
          A．The designer will open a company to promote his product
          B．The lampbrella could be put into immediate production
          C．The designer is confident that his creation is practical
          D．The lampbrella would be put on show in Moscow
          			
          


			
          

		
          
		
		
	
          
		
          
			
          
				
          
				

          小題1:C
          小題2:A
          小題3:B
          小題4:D
          小題5:C

          小題1:細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段話“That’s why he created lampbrella”及之前的敘述可知，設(shè)計(jì)lampbrella的目的是讓忘記帶傘的人不遭雨淋。故答案選C。
          小題2:推理判斷題。第二段話的主題句為首句“The designer says he come up with the idea after watching people get wet on streets in Russia”后文Belvacv所言是更為具體的描述，即本段中Belvacv的話語是點(diǎn)出了他設(shè)計(jì)lampbrella的靈感來源。故答案選A。
          小題3:細(xì)節(jié)歸納題。根據(jù)文章第三段話的敘述“It has a built-in electric motor which can open or close the umbrella on demand. Sensors(傳感器)then ensure that the umbrella offers pedestrians shelter whenever it starts raining.”可知，先是發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)的運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)，然后發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)打開傘，最后是傳感器的運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)。故選B。
          小題4:主旨概括題。根據(jù)本段“…so as not to cause harm to the pedestrians”“… to protect from possible lighting strike”“ Being installed at 2 meters off the ground, it would only be a danger for the tallest of pedestrians”可以得知，這是lampbrella的人性化設(shè)計(jì)，為避雨的行人在安全方面的作了充分考慮。故選D。
          小題5:推理判斷題。根據(jù)“there are no plans to take lampbrella into production”，可知lampbrella還不會(huì)投入生產(chǎn)，可排除AB選項(xiàng)；根據(jù)“he recently introduced his creation one Moscow Department”可排除D項(xiàng)；根據(jù)“insists this creation could be installed on any street where a lot of people walk but there are no canopies to provide shelter”可知Belyacv對(duì)他設(shè)計(jì)的lampbrella的實(shí)用性充滿自信。故答案選C。
          				
          
							
          
			
          
			
          
			
			
          
		
          
	
          

		
          

		





			
          
		
          
		
				
          
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				科目：高中英語
				來源：不詳
				題型：完形填空
			
          

						
          Almost everyone wants to get smarter. We struggle to improve our  36_ , intelligence and attention. We drink cup after cup of coffee to help us  37_  the day.
           38 __, a new study published in Current Directions in Psychological Science warns that there are 39___ to how smart humans can get.
          Each of our body parts develops in a certain way for a reason.  40  _, we are not 3 meters tall  41 _ most people’s hearts are not strong enough to send  42 _  up that high. Scientists say that our thinking ability works in the same way. A baby’s brain size is limited by a series of __43  , such as the size of the mother’s pelvis (骨盆). If our brains developed to be bigger, there could be more  44  during childbirth.
          The study of Jews, who have an average IQ much _ 45_  than other Europeans, showed they were more  _46_  to develop diseases of the  _47_  system. This might be because of their increased brainpower.
          If intelligence cannot be improved, can we at least get better at _ 48 _ ? Not really, say scientists. They studied  _49_  like caffeine (咖啡因)that improve attention. They found the drugs only helped people with serious  50 _ problems. For those who did not have trouble paying attention, the drugs could have the  51 _ effect. Scientists say that this suggests there is a(n)  52 limit to how much people can or should concentrate.
           Our memory is also a “double-edged sword”. People with extremely good memories could  53__ having a difficult life because they cannot  _54 bad things that happen to them.
          Thomas Hills, one of the authors of the paper, said that   55  all the problems in trying to get smarter, it’s unlikely that there will ever be a “super mind”.
          小題1:
          A．a(chǎn)bilityB．characterC．memoryD．emotion
          小題2:
          A．go throughB．put throughC．get throughD．carry through
          小題3:
          A．ThoughB．ThereforeC．HoweverD．Meanwhile
          小題4:
          A．standardsB．measuresC．rangesD．limits
          小題5:
          A．At firstB．In additionC．For exampleD．Above all
          小題6:
          A．untilB．becauseC．beforeD．so that
          小題7:
          A．blood B．informationC．breathD．strength
          小題8:
          A．factors B．reasonsC．a(chǎn)spectsD．effects
          小題9:
          A．chancesB．deaths C．choicesD．lives
          小題10:
          A．smarterB．betterC．lowerD．higher
          小題11:
          A．likelyB．possibleC．probableD．sure
          小題12:
          A．physicalB．bodilyC．personalD．nervous
          小題13:
          A．exercisingB．concentrating C．memorizingD．thinking
          小題14:
          A．poisonsB．drinks C．plants D．drugs
          小題15:
          A．a(chǎn)ttentionB．familyC．healthD．living
          小題16:
          A．sameB．opposite C．differentD．similar
          小題17:
          A．lowerB．smallerC．upper D．higher
          小題18:
          A．end up B．make upC．start upD．come up
          小題19:
          A．forgetB．rememberC．performD．share
          小題20:
          A．supposingB．concerningC．consideringD．regarding
          

			
          

			
          
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				科目：高中英語
				來源：不詳
				題型：閱讀理解
			
          

						
          When Scotsman Alexander Graham Bell invented the telephone in 1876, it was a revolution in communication． For the first time, people could talk to each other over great distances almost as clearly as if they were in the same room． Nowadays, though, we increasingly use Bell' s invention for taking photographs, accessing the internet, or watching video clips, rather than talking． Over the last two decades a new means of spoken communication has appeared: the mobile phone．
           The first real mobile telephone call was made in 1973 by Dr Martin Cooper, the scientist who invented the modem mobile handset． Within a decade, mobile phones became available to the public． The streets of modem cities began to feature sharp-suited characters shouting into giant plastic bricks． In Britain the mobile phone quickly became the same with the "yuppie" , the new type of young urban professionals who carried the expensive handsets as status symbols． Around this time many of us said that we would never own a mobile phone．
           But in the mid-90s, something happened． Cheaper handsets and cheaper calling rates meant that, almost overnight, it seemed that everyone had a mobile phone． And the giant plastic bricks of the 80s had changed into smooth little objects that fitted nicely into pockets and bags．
           Moreover, people' s timekeeping changed． Younger readers will be amazed to know that, not long ago, people made spoken arrangements to meet at a certain place at a certain time． But later Meeting times became approximate under the new order of communication: the Short Message Service （SMS） or text message． Going to be late? Send a text message! It takes much less effort than arriving on time, and it' s much less awkward than explaining your lateness face to face and the text message has changed the way we write in English． Traditional rules of grammar and spelling are much less important when you' re sitting on the bus, hurriedly typing "Will B 15mm late - C U @ the bar． Sorry! - ）"．
           Alexander Graham Bell would be amazed if he could see how far the science of telephony has progressed in less than 150 years．If he were around today, he might say "That' s gr8! But I' m v busy rite now．Will call U 2nite．"
          小題1:What does the underlined part in Para． 2 refer to?
          A．Houses of modern cities．B．Sharp-suited characters．
          C．New type of professionals．D．Mobile phones．
          小題2:According to Paragraph 4, why did Meeting times become approximate?
          A．People were more likely to be late for their meeting．
          B．SMS made it easier to inform each other．
          C．Young people don' t like unchanging things．
          D．Traditional customs were dying out．
          小題3:If you want to meet your friend at the school gate this evening, which of the following message can you send him?
          A．Call U@ SKUg8 2nite．B．IM2BZ2CU 2nite．
          C．CU@ the bar g8 2nite．D．W84U@ SKUg8 2nite．
          小題4:What does the passage mainly tell us about?
          A．Alexander Graham' s invention．
          B．SMS @ a new way of communication．
          C．New functions of the mobile telephone．
          D．The development of the mobile phone．
          

			
          

			
          
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				科目：高中英語
				來源：不詳
				題型：閱讀理解
			
          

						
          I heard many parents complaining that their teenage children are rebelling（叛逆）．I wish it were so．At your age you ought to be growing away from your parents．You should be learning to stand on your own feet．But take a good look at the present rebellion．It seems that teenagers are taking the same way of showing that they disagree with their parents．Instead of striking out boldly on their own, most of them are clutching(緊握）at one another's hands for reassurance．
          They claim they want to dress as they please．But they all wear the same clothes. Then set off in new directions in music．But somehow they all end up with listening to the same record together．Their reason for thinking or acting in thus-and-such a way is that many people are doing it．They have come out of their cocoon（繭） into a larger cocoon．
          It has become harder and harder for a teenager to stand up against the popularity wave and go his or her own way．Industry has firmly carved out a teenage market．These days every teenager can learn from the advertisements what a teenager should have and be． 
          And many of today's parents have come to award high marks for the popularity of their children．All this adds to a great barrier(障礙） for the teenager who wants to find his or her own path．
          But the barrier is worth climbing over．The path is worth following, You may want to listen to classical music instead of going to a party．You may want to collect rocks when everyone else is collecting records．You may have some thoughts 'that you don't care to share with your classmates at once, well, go to it．Find yourself．Popularity will come-with the people who respect you for who you are．That is the only kind of popularity that really counts．
          小題1:In this passage, the author wants to tell         .
          A．teenagers how to learn to decide things for themselves
          B．readers how to be popular with people around
          C．parents how to control and guide their children
          D．people how to understand and respect each other
          小題2:According to the author, many teenagers think they are brave enough to act on their own, but in fact, most of them            ．
          A．have much difficulty understanding each other
          B．lack confidence
          C．dare not cope with （處理） problems single-handed
          D．a(chǎn)re much afraid of getting lost
          小題3:Which of the following is true according to the passage?
          A．There is no popularity that really counts．
          B．What many parents are doing is helping their children find their own paths．
          C．It is bad for a teenager to disagree with his or her classmates．
          D．Most teenagers claim that they want to do what they like to, but they are actually doing the same．
          小題4:What does the author think of advertisements?
          A．Convincing．B．Influential.
          C．Instructive．D．Authoritative（權(quán)威的）．
          小題5:During the teenage years, one should learn to       .
          A．differ from others in as many ways as possible
          B．get into the right reason and become popular
          C．find one's real self
          D．rebel against parents and the popularity wave
          

			
          

			
          
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				科目：高中英語
				來源：不詳
				題型：閱讀理解
			
          

						
          Here is an astonishing and signficant fact:Mental work alone can’t make us tired. It sounds absurd. But a few years ago, scientists tried to find out how long the human could labor without reaching a stage of fatigue(疲勞). To the amazement of these scientists, they discovered thett blood passing through the brain, when it is active, shows no fatigue at all! If we took a drop of blood from a day labourer, we could find it full of fatigue toxins(毒素) and fatigue products. But if we took blood from the brain of Albert Einstein, it would show no fatigue toxing at the end of the day.
           So far as the brain is concerned, it can work as well and swiftly at the end of eight or even twelve hours f efforts as at the beginning. The brain is totally tireless. So what makes us tired.
           Some scientists declare that most of our fatigue come from our mental and emotional(情感的) attitudes. One of England’s most outstanding scientists. J. A. Hadfield,says,“The greater part of the fatigue from which we suffer is of mental origin. In fact,fatigue of purely physical origin is rare.” Dr. Brill, a famous American scientist, goes even further. He declares,“One hundred percent of the fatigue of a sitting worker in good health is due to emotional problems.”
           What kinds of emotions make sitting workers tired?Joy?Satifaction?No!A feeling of being bored,anger,anxiety,tenseness,worry,a feeling of nt being appreciated---those are emotions that tire sitting workers.Hard work by itself seldom causes fatigue.We get tired because our emotions produce nervousness in the body.
          小題1:What surprised the scientists a few years ago?
          A．Fatigue toxinscould hardly be found in a labour’s blood.
          B．Albert Eistein didn’t feel worn out after a day’s work.
          C．The brain could wrk for many hours without fatigue.
          D．A mental worker’s blood was filled with fatigue toxins.
          小題2:According to the authour,which of the following can make sitting worker tired？
          A．Challenge mental work.
          B．Unpleasant emotions.
          C．Endless tasks.
          D．Physical labor.
          小題3:What’s the authour’s attitude towards the scientists’ ideas?
          A．He agrees with them.
          B．He doubts them
          C．He argues against them.
          D．He hesitates to accept them.
          小題4:We can infer from the passage that in order to stay energic, sitting workers need to ______.
          A．have some good blood
          B．enjoy their work
          C．exercise regularly
          D．discover fatigue toxin
          

			
          

			
          
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				科目：高中英語
				來源：不詳
				題型：閱讀理解
			
          

						
          The life-long benefits of teaching children how to take care of their money make it well worth the effort. Children who are not taught these lessons pay the consequences for a life time. Some parents don’t teach children about money because they think they shouldn’t talk about money with children, don’t have the time, or think they don’t have enough money. Parents should take the time to teach children about money regardless of their income and should start when children are young. 
           Most people have strong feelings and opinions about money, based on childhood experiences and the values and beliefs of their families. Most often, these experiences, values, and beliefs are different for each parent. Parents should talk about these feelings and opinions and establish an unchanging approach（方式） to teaching children about money. This is important for the healthy development of children. 
           Here are some tips that parents can keep in mind as they begin teaching their children to manage money: 
          ★ Guide and advise your children how to spend their money, rather than tell them what they can and cannot do. 
          ★ Encourage and praise children rather than criticize their actions.
          ★ Allow children to learn by mistakes and by successes. 
          ★ Be consistent（前后一致的） while taking children’s differences into consideration. 
          ★ Include all family members in money management discussions, decision making, and activities that are suitable for their age. As children get older include them in discussions of limits and consequences. 
          ★ Expect all family members to do some everyday chores based on their abilities without being paid. 
          ★ Express your desire to have things you can’t afford. Children need to know that parents say “no” to themselves, too. 
          小題1:It is _____ for parents to teach their children about money management in their childhood.
          A．easyB．uselessC．too earlyD．beneficial
          小題2:15-year-old Harry isn’t good at managing his money. His mother is advised to _____.
          A．explain to him how to manage his money better
          B．pay him more money to deal with his chores 
          C．praise him for what he has done
          D．a(chǎn)llow him to buy what he wants
          小題3:When parents discuss how to manage the family finances, they should _____.
          A．include their children in the discussion
          B．express their desire to have some valuable things
          C．pay more attention to their children’s differences 
          D．try to meet their older children’s needs first
          

			
          

			
          
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				科目：高中英語
				來源：不詳
				題型：閱讀理解
			
          

						
          In a world with limited land, water and other natural resources, the harm from the traditional business model is on the rise. Actually, the past decade has seen more and more forests disappearing and the globe becoming increasingly warm. People now realize that this unhealthy situation must be changed, and that we must be able to develop in sustainable（可持續(xù)的）ways. That means growth with low carbon or development of sustainable products. In other words, we should keep the earth healthy while using its supply of natural resources.
          Today, sustainable development is a proper trend in many countries. According to a recent study, the global market for low-carbon energy will become three times bigger over the next decade. China, for example, has set its mind on leading that market, hoping to seize chances in the new round of the global energy revolution. It is now trying hard to make full use of wind and solar energy, and is spending a huge amount of money making electric cars and high-speed trains. In addition, we are also seeing great growth in the global markets for sustainable products such as palm oil, which is produced without cutting down valuable rainforest. In recent years the markets for sustainable products have grown by more than 50%.
          Governments can fully develop the potential of these new markets. First, they can set high targets for reducing carbon emissions（排放）and targets for saving and reusing energy. Besides, stronger arrangement of public resources like forests can also help to speed up the development. Finally, governments can avoid the huge expenses that are taking us in the wrong direction, and redirecting some of those expenses can accelerate the change from traditional model to a sustainable one.
          The major challenge of this century is to find ways to meet the needs of growing population within the limits of this single planet. That is no small task, but it offers abundant new chances for sustainable product industries.
          小題1:The traditional business model is harmful because of all the following EXCEPT that _________.
          A．it consumes natural resources
          B．it makes the world warmer
          C．it brings severe damage to forests
          D．it makes growth hard to continue
          小題2: What can we infer from Paragraph 2?
          A．China lacks wind and solar energy.
          B．China is the leader of the low-carbon market.
          C．Palm oil is made at the cost of valuable forests. 
          D．High-speed trains are a low-carbon development.
          小題3:To fully develop the low-carbon markets, governments can ________.
          A．cut public expenses B．encourage energy conservation
          C．develop public resourcesD．forbid carbon emission
          小題4:What is the main purpose of the passage?
          A．To advocate sustainable development.B．To compare two business models.
          C．To predict a change of the global market.D．To introduce a new business model.
          

			
          

			
          
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				科目：高中英語
				來源：不詳
				題型：閱讀理解
			
          

						
          (The Guardian)：              More UK universities should be profiting from ideas
          　　A repeated criticism of the UK's university sector is its noticeable weakness in translating new knowledge into new products and services.
          　　Recently, the UK National Stem Cell Network warned the UK could lose its place among the world leaders in stem cell research unless adequate funding and legislation could be assured, despite an annual £40m spent by the Department of Health on all kinds of research.
          　　However, we do have to challenge the unthinking complaint that the sector does not do enough in taking ideas to market. The most recent comparative data on the performance of universities and research institutions in Australia, Canada, USA and UK shows that, from a relatively weak starting position, the UK now leads on many indicators of commercialization activity.
          　　When viewed at the national level, the policy interventions (interference) of the past decade have helped transformed the performances of UK universities. Evidence suggests the UK's position is much stronger than in the recent past and is still showing improvement. But national data masks the very large variation in the performance of individual universities. The evidence shows that a large number of universities have fallen off the back of the pack, a few perform strongly and the rest chase the leaders.
          　　This type of uneven distribution is not strange to the UK and is mirrored across other economies. In the UK, research is concentrated: less than 25% of universities are receiving 75% of the research funding. These same universities are also the institutions producing the greatest share of PhD graduates, science citations, patents and license income. The effect of policies generating long-term resource concentration has also created a distinctive set of universities which are research-led and commercially active. It seems clear that the concentration of research and commercialization work creates differences between universities.
          　　The core objective for universities which are research-led must be to maximize the impact of their research efforts. Their purpose is not to generate funds to add to the bottom line of the university or to substitute other income streams. Rather, these universities should be generating the widest range of social, economic and environmental benefits. In return for the scale of investment, they should share their expertise (expert knowledge or skill) in order to build greater confidence in the sector.
          　　Part of the economic recovery of the UK will be driven by the next generation of research commercialization spilling out of our universities. On the evidence presented in my report, there are three dozen universities in the UK which are actively engaged in advanced research training and commercialization work.
          　　If there was a greater coordination（協(xié)調(diào)）of technology transfer offices within regions and a simultaneous (happening at the same time) investment in the scale and functions of our graduate schools, universities could, and should, play a key role in positioning the UK for the next growth cycle.
          小題1:What does the author think of UK universities in terms of commercialization?
          A．They have lost their leading position in many ways.
          B．They still have a place among the world leaders.
          C．They do not regard it as their responsibility.
          D．They fail to change knowledge into money.
          小題2:What does the author say about the national data on UK universities’ performance in commercialization?
          A．It masks the fatal weaknesses of government policy. 
          B．It indicates their ineffective use of government resources.
          C．It does not rank UK universities in a scientific way. 
          D．It does not reflect the differences among universities.
          小題3:We can infer from Paragraph 5 that “policy interventions (in Paragraph 4)” refers to _____.
          A．concentration of resources in a limited number of universities
          B．compulsory cooperation between universities and industries
          C．government aid to non-research-oriented universities
          D．fair distribution of funding for universities and research institutions
          小題4:What dose the author suggest research-led universities do?
          A．Fully use their research to benefit all sectors of society.
          B．Generously share their facilities with those short of funds.
          C．Advertise their research to win international recognition.
          D．Spread their influence among top research institutions.
          

			
          

			
          
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				科目：高中英語
				來源：不詳
				題型：完形填空
			
          

						
          Dear Dr Fang,
          How are you? I am writing to ask for some   36  about how to help my 15-year-old son. At the moment, he refuses to do almost anything his mother and I ask him to do. He is our only child and we treat him very   37 . Though his grandparents buy him many things, yet he is still   38  to them and often shouts at them. He also   39  to spend time with us or do as we tell him.
          Recently, he has been refusing to do his homework, and instead insists on   40  his time listening to foreign music. I cannot understand that   41 , and I don’t like it. Meanwhile, he spends too much time in Internet cafes, where he either plays games   42  chats on the Internet. He is wasting valuable time during this   43  period in his life!
          What shall I do? I am worried about it.   44  I keep allowing him to do what he wants, he may fail at school, or worse. How can I help my son   45  hurting our feelings?
          Best regards
          Liu Zhen     
          小題1:A  questions      B  advice      C  problems      D  lessons
          小題2:A  badly      B  ill          C  well        D  coldly
          小題3:A  kind           B  good       C  polite        D  rude
          小題4:A  prefers        B  wants       C  likes        D  refuses
          小題5:A  saving        B  missing     C  wasting      D  winning
          小題6:A  music         B  film      C  game        D  play
          小題7:A  and            B  or         C  but          D  so
          小題8:A  dark         B  old       C  sad         D  important
          小題9:A  If            B  Until        C  Though      D  Before
          小題10:A  for            B  in          C  without       D  about
          

			
          

			
          
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