Question

（15分）有機(jī)物A為芳香烴，質(zhì)譜分析表明其相對(duì)分子質(zhì)量為92，某課題小組以A為起始原料可以合成酯類香料H和高分子化合物I，其相關(guān)反應(yīng)如下圖所示：                                                       
已知以下信息：
①碳烯（:CH₂）又稱卡賓，它十分活躍，很容易用它的兩個(gè)未成對(duì)電子插在烷烴分子的C-H鍵之間使碳鏈增長(zhǎng)。
②通常在同一個(gè)碳原子連有兩個(gè)羥基不穩(wěn)定，易脫水形成羰基。
回答下列問題：

（1）A的化學(xué)名稱為         。
（2）由B生成C的化學(xué)方程式為                ，該反應(yīng)類型為          。                                                              （3）G的結(jié)構(gòu)簡(jiǎn)式為           。
（4）請(qǐng)寫出由F生成I的化學(xué)方程式                                             。
（5）寫出G到H的反應(yīng)方程式                                       。                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                 
（6）H的所有同分異構(gòu)體中，滿足下列條件的共有        種；
①含有苯環(huán)        ②苯環(huán)上只有一個(gè)取代基          ③屬于酯類
其中核磁共振氫譜有五種不同化學(xué)環(huán)境的氫，且峰面積比為1:1:2:2:6的是           （寫結(jié)構(gòu)簡(jiǎn)式）。

Answer 1

（1）甲苯（）（2）；取代反應(yīng)
（3）;（4）
（5）
（6）15種， 

試題分析：（1）由于A是芳香烴，結(jié)合A的相對(duì)分子質(zhì)量，可確定A是甲苯；（2）根據(jù)題意可得B是乙苯；乙苯與氯氣在光照下發(fā)生取代反應(yīng)得到C：由B生成C的化學(xué)方程式為；（3）C與NaOH的水溶液發(fā)生反應(yīng)得到D：；D與銀氨溶液發(fā)生反應(yīng)，然后酸化得到G：；G與乙醇發(fā)生酯化反應(yīng)得到H：。該反應(yīng)的方程式為；（4）D與H₂發(fā)生加成反應(yīng)得到E：；E在濃硫酸作用下發(fā)生消去反應(yīng)得到F：；F在一定條件下發(fā)生加聚反應(yīng)得到I：；反應(yīng)的方程式是。（5）G與乙醇發(fā)生酯化反應(yīng)得到H的方程式為。（6）H的所有符合條件的同分異構(gòu)體一共有15種，它們分別是： ;;;;;;;;;;;;;;.其中核磁共振氫譜有五種不同化學(xué)環(huán)境的氫，且峰面積比為1:1:2:2:6的是。