4.In the 1920s and 30s,the airlines were just beginning.It was unusual for people to travel by air because it was expensive and dangerous.In those days,there were no flight attendants
(服務(wù)員) to look after the passengers.Young men,or"stewards"helped the passengers onto the airplane and carried the passengers'luggage(行李)but they did not provide food or drinks. But then in 1930,a woman called Ellen Church invented the"stewardess".
Ellen Church was born in 1904on a farm in Iowa.She was a different child.She din't want to work on a farm or marry a farmer-she wanted a more adventurous(冒險(xiǎn)的)life.Ellen studied to be a nurse at the University of Minnesota and then got a job in a hospital.For the next few years she stayed at the hospital and at the same time took flying lessons and got her pilot's license.
Ellen was twenty-five years old when she first got in touch with Boeing Air Transport.She loved flying but she understood that airlines were a man's world.Although women like Emelia Earheart were becoming famous,she realized it was impossible for a woman to have a career as a pilot.But she had another idea.Most people were frightened of flying because flying was still an unreliable(不可靠的) way to travel.There were often delays(延誤),many crashes and the bad weathers made many passengers sick.Ellen thought nurses could take care of passengers during flights and B.A.T.a(chǎn)greed.
The young woman from Iowa and seven other nurses became the first air stewardesses.
At first,pilots were unhappy because they did not want stewardesses on airplanes,but passengers loved the stewardesses.In 1940there were around 1000of them working for different airlines.The early"stewardesses"had to be under twenty-five-year-old,single and slim.When a woman joined an airline,she had to promise not to get married or have children.It was hard job and not well paid.They worked long hours and earned$1an hour.
In the 1970s,stewardesses were unhappy in their job andairlines had to make some changes.Since the 1970s,"stewardesses"have been called flight attendants.They are well paid and work fewer hours than in the past.
61.The last sentence of the first paragraph suggests thatC.
A.the word"stewardess"was made up by Ellen Church
B.Ellen Church was the first woman who flew a plane
C.Ellen Church was the first woman who worked on a plane
D.Ellen Church was the first woman passenger on a plane
62.From the second paragraph,we learn thatA.
A.Ellen did not behave(行為、舉止) in the same way as most other girls
B.Ellen's family was not rich enough to support her education
C.Ellen was fond of working as a nurse in the hospital
D.Ellen has an unhappy childhood that changed her completely
63.The main reason for Boeing Air Transpot offering Ellen the job wasC.
A.her flying experience
B.her university education
C.her nursing experience
D.her life attitudes(態(tài)度)
64.According to the passage,in the 1940s a woman had toD if she wanted to be a stewardess.
A.be a nurse
B.be married
C.be a mother
D.be young
65.The passage mainly talks aboutC.
A.the background of early flying pilots
B.the experience of flying passengers
C.the history of early flight attendants
D.the development of airplanes.
分析 在二三十年代的時(shí)候人們乘坐飛機(jī)是不尋常的,因?yàn)閮r(jià)格高又危險(xiǎn),那時(shí)候沒有乘務(wù)員去給乘客服務(wù),提供食物和飲料.但是1930年,一個(gè)叫Ellen Church的女人發(fā)明了"空姐".
Ellen Church和其他七位護(hù)士成為第一批空姐.最初,空姐必須在25歲以下,單身,苗條.承諾不結(jié)婚或者生孩子,工作很辛苦,報(bào)酬不高,工作時(shí)間長(zhǎng),在上世紀(jì)70年代,空姐對(duì)她們的工作不滿,航空公司不得不作出一些改變.自上世紀(jì)70年代以來,"空姐"被稱為乘務(wù)員.他們有很好的報(bào)酬,工作時(shí)間比過去少.
解答 61.C.推理判斷題.根據(jù)第一段最后一句a woman called Ellen Church invented the"stewardess".可知空姐是Ellen 發(fā)明的,由第二段中的最后一句話pilot's license可知Ellen拿到了飛行員執(zhí)照,故可猜測(cè)Ellen可以在飛機(jī)上工作.故選C.
62.A.細(xì)節(jié)理解題.由She was a different child.She din't want to work on a farm or marry a farmer-she wanted a more adventurous(冒險(xiǎn)的)life.可知,她的想法與別人不同,故選A項(xiàng).
63.C.細(xì)節(jié)理解題.根據(jù)第二段最后兩句Ellen studied to be a nurse at the University of Minnesota and then got a job in a hospital.For the next few years she stayed at the hospital 可知Ellen曾經(jīng)做過多年的護(hù)士;根據(jù)第三段最后一句Ellen thought nurses could take care of passengers during flights and B.A.T.Agreed.航空公司采納了Ellen承擔(dān)照顧乘客的想法可推知之所以她的想法被采納是因?yàn)樗凶鲎o(hù)士的經(jīng)歷.故選C.
64.D.細(xì)節(jié)理解題.根據(jù)第五段The early"stewardesses"had to be under twenty-five-year old,single and slim.When a woman joined an airline,she had to promise not to get married or have children.可知空姐必須在25歲以下,單身,苗條.承諾不結(jié)婚或者生孩子,故必須是年輕的,故選D.
65.C.主旨大意題.結(jié)合第一段a woman called Ellen Church invented the"stewardess".整篇短文是在介紹空姐是如何生成的,介紹了早期空姐的發(fā)展史,故選C.
點(diǎn)評(píng) 做題時(shí)要在理解好文意的基礎(chǔ)上,與題目有機(jī)的結(jié)合,從文章中找到相關(guān)細(xì)節(jié)性的句子與選項(xiàng)細(xì)細(xì)比對(duì),進(jìn)行選擇或推理判斷,選出符合文章內(nèi)容的正確選項(xiàng).做題注意靈活,有時(shí)可采用排除法或直選法確定出最終答案.