小達(dá)欲配制100g 6%的過氧化氫溶液,需用30%的過氧化氫溶液和水各多少克?
【答案】
分析:本題考查溶質(zhì)質(zhì)量分?jǐn)?shù)的計算及一定溶質(zhì)質(zhì)量分?jǐn)?shù)溶液的配制,根據(jù)溶液配制前后溶質(zhì)質(zhì)量不變可計算出過氧化氫質(zhì)量,再根據(jù)溶質(zhì)質(zhì)量分?jǐn)?shù)概念:溶質(zhì)質(zhì)量分?jǐn)?shù)=

×100%即可求出水的質(zhì)量.
解答:解:根據(jù)溶質(zhì)質(zhì)量分?jǐn)?shù)概念:溶質(zhì)質(zhì)量分?jǐn)?shù)=

×100%,可知,溶質(zhì)質(zhì)量=溶液質(zhì)量×溶質(zhì)質(zhì)量分?jǐn)?shù),
再根據(jù)溶液配制前后溶質(zhì)質(zhì)量不變,
設(shè)需用30%的過氧化氫質(zhì)量為x,
可得:100×6%=x×30%,
解得:x=20g;
設(shè)需水y,
可得:溶質(zhì)質(zhì)量分?jǐn)?shù)=

×100%=

×100%=6%,
解得:y=80g,
故答案為:過氧化氫溶液:20g 水:80g
點評:溶質(zhì)質(zhì)量分?jǐn)?shù)的計算及一定溶質(zhì)質(zhì)量分?jǐn)?shù)溶液的配制需同學(xué)們靈活運用,要特別注意:溶液質(zhì)量=溶質(zhì)質(zhì)量+溶劑質(zhì)量.